This continues the discussion on required vs. facilitated reciprocity that took place on the jox mailing list. Michel Bauwens remained skeptical that stigmergic self-organization is the way to go; he inquired:

what makes you believe that faced with healthcare issues, I will find with certainty a right doctor and equipment willing to take care of me … since I’m facing this kind of issues right now as a peer producer without health insurance, I’d be more than happy to follow your instructions …

As I understand it, his reasoning goes like this: Vollständigen Artikel lesen »

The following post is based on two mails I wrote as part of a discussion on the jox mailing list (a relict of the short-lived [DE] CSPP journal) at the end of March. I try to explain why I have changed my position compared to the suggestions formulated in the book From Exchange to Contributions, but also why the change is not as radical as some people seem to think.

While in my book I describe what could be characterized as “open sharing communities requiring reciprocity” (you are required to contribute in order to benefit), my more recent work is about “open sharing communities facilitating reciprocity” – where contributing in some ways is easy and encouraged, but it is not required in order to benefit. When we look at existing successful peer communities, we see that they tend to follow the latter model, hence the change.

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How can we imagine a world without money, private property, exchange and the like? Filmmaker Harald Sandø from Norway is creating the movie »Waking Up«. The film is not really »open source« (as mentioned on the website) since the sources are not accessible, but the author is open for participation writing the scripts. The story is inspired by the concept of a Resource Based Economy developed by Zeitgeist-Movement. Here’s the teaser:

The film teaser made it to the shortlist of the Film Festival Cinema Out of Your Backpack.

Bitte nutzen und verbreiten! Lizenz: CC-by-sa

Diesen Film gibt’s nicht nur auf deutsch, sondern auch auf spanisch, englisch und italienisch. Bis jetzt.

During the first two days of November, the International Commons Conference organized by the Heinrich Böll Foundation and the Commons Strategies Group took place in Berlin. Throughout the conference, I wrote down various remarks by participants which I considered insightful, interesting, or amusing. The following quotes are meant to convey the spirit of what the quoted person said, but not necessarily the precise wording (since I often wasn’t fast enough to exactly get the latter).

Obwohl Heise einen »Lizenz-Entwurf« meldet, der jetzt für offene Hardware vorläge, ist dem nicht so: freedomdefined.org hat eine Definition von »Open Source Hardware« (OSHW) vorgeschlagen und beschrieben, was eine Lizenz leisten müsse. OSHW ist also ein Kriteriensatz für die Erstellung einer Lizenz für offene Hardware, nicht aber selbst eine Lizenz. Soviel zur Entwirrung. Die OSHW orientiert sich an den Debian-Richtlinien für Freie Software bzw. der Open-Source-Definition.

Dass es mit offener Hardware nicht ganz so einfach ist wie mit Freier Software, hat Christian im Artikel »Copyleft für Hardware – ein kniffliges Problem« bereits beschrieben. Nachfolgend fasse ich die 11 Punkte der OSHW-Definition des englischen Entwurfs zusammen (eine deutschsprachige Fassung gibt es noch nicht). Vollständigen Artikel lesen »

[First part]

During the last years, humanity has consumed about 500 exajoules of energy per year (an exajoule is a million million megajoules, or 10¹⁸ joules). As usual, levels of energy consumption vary strongly from country to country. While the average consumption per person is about 70 GJ (gigajoules), the inhabitants of Bangladesh, Eritrea, and Senegal use less than 10 GJ on average.

At the other extreme, the inhabitants of the United Arab Emirates and Iceland use 450–500 GJ per year, while per-capita usage in the small emirate of Qatar is a whopping 900 GJ. Germany uses about 180 GJ per person—more than twice the global average. Other Middle European countries are similar, while the United States and Canada use twice as much (330–350 GJ).

Is it realistic that in the future, everybody will reach the consumption level of Germany or the USA, or even more? Vollständigen Artikel lesen »

[via OnTheCommons, deutsche Übersetzung unten]

The vocabulary of the commons is expanding as people increasingly realize the practical value of this concept. No longer simply a noun, the commons now is talked about as a verb and adjective.

Commons: What we share. Creations of both nature and society that belong to all of us equally, and should be maintained for future generations.

Commons-based society: A society whose economy, political culture and community life revolve around promoting a diverse variety of commons.

Commons-based solutions: Distinctive innovations and policies that remedy problems by helping people manage resources cooperatively and sustainably.

Commoners: In modern use, the people who use a particular commons; especially those dedicated to reclaiming and restoring the commons.

Commoning: A verb to describe the social practices used by commoners in the course of managing shared resources and reclaiming the commons. Popularized by historian Peter Linebaugh.
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The vision of post-scarcity is a popular but controversial meme in the debates of peer production. Post-scarcity envisions a world where everything is free as in free beer, where no payment or accounting is requirement for anything you use. Post-scarcity ideas usually rely very strongly on advanced technology, postulating that almost everything can be automated—or at least, everything that’s not fun and pleasant to do. Post-scarcity theorists also believe that advanced technology can provide enough natural resources and enough energy in order to satisfy everyone’s needs and wishes, possibly through extracting resources from space or through speculative future technologies such as nuclear fusion power.

A weak form of post-scarcity thinking is present in one of the founding documents of the free software movement, Richard Stallman’s GNU Manifesto (“weak” because there are still necessary tasks that are neither fun nor automated away):

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[Deutsche Fassung]

The following manifesto is the result of a one and a half year process, where dozens of participants from politics, unions, sciences, the free culture and software movement, the environmental movement, economy as well as from art and culture discussed about commons and the relevance for humankind. It was developed in the context of the Interdisciplinary political salons of the Heinrich Böll Foundation‘s „Time for commons“.

Below, the entire text of the manifesto is documented, which is also available as a nicely layouted PDF (4 pages) at Commonsblog. Vollständigen Artikel lesen »